Given that, $1 < a \leq b$
Now, $ \log_{a} \left(\frac{a}{b} \right) + \log_{b} \left(\frac{b}{a} \right) = \log_{a}a – \log_{a}b + \log_{b}b – \log_{b}a $
$ \Rightarrow \log_{a} \left(\frac{a}{b} \right) + \log_{b} \left(\frac{b}{a} \right) = 1 – \log_{a}b + 1 – \log_{b}a $
$\Rightarrow \log_{a} \left(\frac{a}{b} \right) + \log_{b} \left(\frac{b}{a} \right) = 2 – \left( \log_{a}b + \log_{b}a \right) $
$\Rightarrow \log_{a} \left(\frac{a}{b} \right) + \log_{b} \left(\frac{b}{a} \right) = 2 – \left( \log_{a}b +\frac{1}{\log_{a}b} \right) \quad \longrightarrow (1) $
Now, using $\text{AM} \geq \text{GM}$
$ \frac{ \log_{a}b + \frac{1}{\log_{a}b}} {2} \geq \sqrt{ \log_{a}b \cdot \frac{1}{\log_{a}b}} $
$ \Rightarrow \log_{a}b + \frac{1}{\log_{a}b} \geq 2 $
From equation $(1),$
$ \log_{a} \left( \frac{a}{b} \right) + \log_{b} \left( \frac{b}{a} \right) = \underbrace{2 – \underbrace{\left( \log_{a}b + \frac{1}{\log_{a}b} \right)}_{\geq 2}}_{\leq 0}$
Thus, it can never be equal to $1.$
Correct Answer$: \text{B}$
$\textbf{PS:}$ Important logarithm properties :
- $\log_{a}a = 1$
- $\log_{a} \left( \frac{m}{n} \right) = \log_{a}m – \log_{a}n $
- $ \log_{a} (mn) = \log_{a}m + \log_{a}n $
- $ \log_{a^{x}}b = \frac{1}{x} \log_{a}b $
- $ \log_{a}b = \frac{1}{\log_{b}a} $
- $ \log_{a}b = x \Rightarrow b = a^{x} $
- $ \log_{a}b = \frac{\log_{c}b}{\log_{c}a} $
- $ \log_{a}1 = 0 $
- $ \log_{b}a^{x} = x \log_{b}a $
- $ a^{\log_{a}b} = b $
- $ \log_{a}^{k} n = \left( \log_{a}n \right)^{k} $
- $ a^{\log_{b}{x}} = x^{\log_{b}{a}} $